Pico question examples women - Question 1. Question 2. Question 3. Population. Children <6 years of age. AND. Diagnosed with ADHD or at risk for ADHD or diagnosed with DBD (including ODD and CD by DSM) ≥6 years of age (subjects <6 years are described in Question 1) Diagnosed with ADHD by the DSM or ICD criteria that was in use at the time of the study or of the publication.

 
Aug 16, 2023 · 2. Foreground questions are specific knowledge questions . that affect clinical decisions and ; include a broad range of biological, psychological, and sociological issues. Foreground questions are best suited to the PICO model as it captures the essential elements of your information need to help translate that question into a search query. To ... . Francopercent27s flapjack family restaurant

"Among women in labor, does the use of labor support/doulas versus no labor support affect labor complications?" (PICOt Question example by M. Montgomery) (PICOt Question example by M. Montgomery) Types of Questions: Therapy, Diagnosis, Prognosis, Harm/Etiology, Prevention, Cost-Effectiveness, Quality of Life.100 useful pico questions for nursing research 1. Many toddlers are afraid of needles during vaccinations, is using toys as a distraction for the childrenâ&amp;#x20AC;&amp;#x2122;s pain response ...These questions are often looking at specific patients or populations, which is why the PICO(T) framework is used. They are often very specific or complex in comparison to background questions (i.e. questions that are routed more in general knowledge or answering an open ended question about an illness, disease, condition, process, or thing).Sep 26, 2020 · The word PICOT is a mnemonic derived from the elements of a clinical research question – patient, intervention, comparison, outcome and (sometimes) time. The PICOT process begins with a case scenario, and the question is phrased to elicit an answer. “The question needs to identify the patient or population we intend to study, the ... The author’s goal in posing this PICO question was to determine whether enough evidence exists to support screening adolescents for depression using an appropriate screening tool. This PICO question itself facilitated the search strategy and guided the selection of key words. Search strategy. The author searched multiple databases, including ...Below are examples of nursing related questions: Intervention/Effect/Therapy PICO Question: An example: In adult patients with total hip replacements (Patient population) how effective is early ambulation (Intervention of interest) compared to bed rest (Comparison intervention) on decreasing post-op DVTs (Outcome)? Note: The question may also ...• Discuss the background questions as a group, and look up the answers as needed. • Find the answer to the foreground question, or have everyone write their own PICO question. • Take 5 minutes to look up the PICO answers. • Share the PICO answers and resources used. It is important to note that there are different types or categories of PICOT questions. The category of your question can at times dictate the types of evidence that you are searching for. Determine in which category your question would best fit. Use the template to help you word it succinctly and correctly.Table 2.1, PICO questions for the recommendations in women (the general population of women ... PICO Clinical Questions in Obstetrics & Gynaecology Prof Unit Kalubowila. 866 likes · 10 talking about this. Novel concept of Dr Dhammike Silva, Consultant OBGYN, to inspire trainees to approach... of the PICO components The PICO question is a convenient and conventional format to use when composing good clinical questions to direct an evidence-based search of research literature. PICO stands for Patient, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome; thus, there are four components of a good clinical question based on the PICO format.A good PICO will be specific and define terms and outcomes if necessary. A good PICO will investigate something new in terms of diagnosis, etiology, therapy, harm, etc. A bad PICO is usually a background question disguised as a research question. For example, "what are the effects of Prilosec on patients taking immune suppressants" might seem ...PICO Clinical Questions in Obstetrics & Gynaecology Prof Unit Kalubowila. 866 likes · 10 talking about this. Novel concept of Dr Dhammike Silva, Consultant OBGYN, to inspire trainees to approach... Background questions ask for general knowledge about an illness, disease, condition, process or thing. These types of questions typically ask who, what, where, when, how & why about things like a disorder, test, or treatment, etc. For example. How overweight is a woman to be considered slightly obese? What are the clinical manifestations of ...Developing a Targeted Research Question. Examine your topic to identify the major concepts you need to conduct the best searches. Some useful ways to do this include: Background planning: think of the 5 W's and H for your topic: Who - are the stakeholders, population of interest, involved parties. What - are the issues, problems, needs.Aug 29, 2023 · Foreground questions look for answers to specific patients, problems, types of interventions, and clinical outcomes, and the PICO framework will work well with these questions. Use PICO to write a clear, researchable clinical question. The four elements of PICO break a research topic into searchable keywords and make locating evidence-based ... “The question needs to identify the patient or population we intend to study, the intervention or treatment we plan to use, the comparison of one intervention to another (if applicable) and the outcome we anticipate,” Kathy A. Jensen, MHA, RN, wrote in EBSCO Health’s whitepaper, “7 Steps To The Perfect Pico Search.” “Once a well ... PICOT Questions Evidence-Based PICOT Questions Examples. PICOT Questions: Population: Bariatric adolescents considering or undergoing gastric bypass surgery.. Intervention: The nurse’s role as a primary member of the multidisciplinary team regarding perioperative care of the bariatric adolescent patient.Jul 24, 2023 · PICO Framework. Without a well-focused question, it can be very difficult and time consuming to identify appropriate resources and search for relevant evidence. Practitioners of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) often use a specialized framework, called PICO, to form the question and facilitate the literature search. 1 PICO stands for: Jul 17, 2021 · PICOT Question. The emotional wellbeing of mothers is linked to the positive upbringing of children in the first several months of their lives. However, the physical, hormonal, and psychological changes that occur after labor can significantly undermine women’s well-being, with adverse symptoms preventing them from having a positive outlook on lives. 2. Foreground questions are specific knowledge questions . that affect clinical decisions and ; include a broad range of biological, psychological, and sociological issues. Foreground questions are best suited to the PICO model as it captures the essential elements of your information need to help translate that question into a search query. To ...Aug 29, 2023 · If you are planning to create a systematic review, it is usually best to start with a PICO style question, it provides structure and boundaries to the task. Let’s try: To search for the core topics discussed in your review, you are probably going to want to use a combination of approaches. You are probably going to need to use the subject ... I = Interventions. C = Comparisons. O = Outcomes. Using the earlier example question, we can break it down into a PICO question like this: P = Patient or Problem (young children) I = Interventions (distractions during immunization) C = Comparisons (no distractions/standard care) O = Outcomes (lower pain scores) You may also hear some people use ...These are some best examples of PICOT questions for falls. 2) The Prognosis. These questions are used in the following scenarios. Used to determine the potential complications from a specific condition or the clinical course over a particular period. The following is an example of an intervention PICOT question: of the PICO components The PICO question is a convenient and conventional format to use when composing good clinical questions to direct an evidence-based search of research literature. PICO stands for Patient, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome; thus, there are four components of a good clinical question based on the PICO format. "Among women in labor, does the use of labor support/doulas versus no labor support affect labor complications?" (PICOt Question example by M. Montgomery) (PICOt Question example by M. Montgomery) Types of Questions: Therapy, Diagnosis, Prognosis, Harm/Etiology, Prevention, Cost-Effectiveness, Quality of Life.P: laboring women delivering in a hospital I: positions other than the lithotomy position C: lithotomy position O: decreased incidence of assisted deliveries In laboring women delivering in the hospital, do positions other than lithotomy position lead to a decreased incidence of assisted deliveries?Mar 31, 2021 · Diagnostic OR= (a/b)/ (c/d)=742.9. We would need to perform a test accuracy study to answer our question. The participants would get a mammography (index test) and a biopsy to determine the presence of breast cancer (reference test). Each test would yield a positive or negative test result. Preferably, all patients get both tests, without much ... My advice: set your question based upon what you are interested in answering. For example what if you were interested in knowing "How do side effects, both physical and psychological, effect women who have experienced treatment for cervical cancer.."-radiation therapy, sex drive/life, effects of ADL's etc...Aug 28, 2023 · PICO. PICO is a mnemonic used to help you clarify your clinical question. It acts as a framework, asking you to think specifically about different aspects of what you want to investigate. As you build your PICO, you should make sure that you are clear and specific about what you are looking for. This helps you target the right evidence to use ... Feb 18, 2022 · The word PICOT is a mnemonic derived from the elements of a clinical research question – patient, intervention, comparison, outcome and (sometimes) time. The PICOT process begins with a case scenario, and the question is phrased to elicit an answer. “The question needs to identify the patient or population we intend to study, the ... Nov 21, 2008 · My advice: set your question based upon what you are interested in answering. For example what if you were interested in knowing "How do side effects, both physical and psychological, effect women who have experienced treatment for cervical cancer.."-radiation therapy, sex drive/life, effects of ADL's etc... Sep 26, 2020 · The word PICOT is a mnemonic derived from the elements of a clinical research question – patient, intervention, comparison, outcome and (sometimes) time. The PICOT process begins with a case scenario, and the question is phrased to elicit an answer. “The question needs to identify the patient or population we intend to study, the ... 2. Foreground questions are specific knowledge questions . that affect clinical decisions and ; include a broad range of biological, psychological, and sociological issues. Foreground questions are best suited to the PICO model as it captures the essential elements of your information need to help translate that question into a search query. To ...Sep 24, 2022 · An example of a picot question comparing two groups of people is: Do- (P) Women-(I) Compared to-(C) Men-(O) Have a greater risk for-(T) picot question: Do women, compared to men, have a greater risk for developing Alzheimer’s disease? This picot question is asking about the risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease. You need to assess what reasonable clinical study population your patient could be part of. For example, if your patient is a 73 year old woman, "73 year old women" or "women in their 70s" is too specific because it is highly unlikely that clinical researchers would design a study that would exclusively enroll women in their 70s.These are some best examples of PICOT questions for falls. 2) The Prognosis. These questions are used in the following scenarios. Used to determine the potential complications from a specific condition or the clinical course over a particular period. The following is an example of an intervention PICOT question: Jul 26, 2023 · [Examples modified and drawn from Glasper, A. and Rees, C. (2013) How to Write Your Nursing Dissertation] The following examples may help you put PICO into practice. Suggestions in the brackets are just extra ideas for what you might want to consider. 1) Isobel is a 45 year old woman who asks you for advice on natural ways of resolving her ... Aug 24, 2023 · PICO (T) Evidence-based practice uses the PICO (T) model for formulating a searchable question. PICO (T) is a mnemonic used to describe the four elements of a good clinical foreground question: P = Population/Problem. How would I describe the problem or a group of patients similar to mine? I = Intervention. Question 1. Question 2. Question 3. Population. Children <6 years of age. AND. Diagnosed with ADHD or at risk for ADHD or diagnosed with DBD (including ODD and CD by DSM) ≥6 years of age (subjects <6 years are described in Question 1) Diagnosed with ADHD by the DSM or ICD criteria that was in use at the time of the study or of the publication. PICO Clinical Questions in Obstetrics & Gynaecology Prof Unit Kalubowila. 866 likes · 10 talking about this. Novel concept of Dr Dhammike Silva, Consultant OBGYN, to inspire trainees to approach... Jul 24, 2023 · PICO Framework. Without a well-focused question, it can be very difficult and time consuming to identify appropriate resources and search for relevant evidence. Practitioners of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) often use a specialized framework, called PICO, to form the question and facilitate the literature search. 1 PICO stands for: Aug 9, 2023 · PICO Question Template Examples. It can be helpful to classify your question based on the clinical domain(s) it falls under. See below for definitions, PICO templates, and example questions from the primary clinical domains: intervention, diagnosis, etiology, prevention, prognosis/prediction, quality of life/meaning, and therapy. Oct 15, 2019 · The framework is actually divided into four major elements. A good clinical question will address most, if not all, aspects of the PICO. The following are the parameters defined by PICO (T) when it comes to designing of clinical questions: P: Patient, Problem, Population. I: Intervention. A good PICO will be specific and define terms and outcomes if necessary. A good PICO will investigate something new in terms of diagnosis, etiology, therapy, harm, etc. A bad PICO is usually a background question disguised as a research question. For example, "what are the effects of Prilosec on patients taking immune suppressants" might seem ...A good PICO will be specific and define terms and outcomes if necessary. A good PICO will investigate something new in terms of diagnosis, etiology, therapy, harm, etc. A bad PICO is usually a background question disguised as a research question. For example, "what are the effects of Prilosec on patients taking immune suppressants" might seem ...Aug 16, 2023 · 2. Foreground questions are specific knowledge questions . that affect clinical decisions and ; include a broad range of biological, psychological, and sociological issues. Foreground questions are best suited to the PICO model as it captures the essential elements of your information need to help translate that question into a search query. To ... Question Type & Study Design. Some study designs are better suited to answer certain types of questions. Identifying the clinical domain your question falls under can help determine what study designs to look for in order to find the best, most suitable evidence. Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses are always preferred.CHAPTER SUB-CHAPTER QUESTION; 3. Problems of the neonate and young infant: 3.1 Routine care of the newborn at delivery: Among healthy newborn infants in low- and middle-income countries (P), does early skin-to-skin contact of the baby with the mother in the first hour of life (I) compared with drying and wrapping (C) have an impact on neonatal mortality, hypothermia or initiation/exclusivity ...PICO Framework. Without a well-focused question, it can be very difficult and time consuming to identify appropriate resources and search for relevant evidence. Practitioners of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) often use a specialized framework, called PICO, to form the question and facilitate the literature search. 1 PICO stands for:PICO is a popular mnemonic in nursing. P stands for Patient/Problem, I for Intervention, C for Comparison, and O for Outcome. PICOT is used by nursing students to generate answers to seemingly vague questions. PICOT question examples such as “How effective is handwashing in reducing infections?” can be broken down in the following manner: Components of Pico. P- young adults. I- alcohol consumption. C- no alcohol consumption. O- depression. Exposure: The exposure in this case is alcohol. It is injurious to health and it makes aggressive behavior of people therefore, increasing the level of anxiety. Excessive alcohol intake can interfere with the normal process of development and ... It is important to note that there are different types or categories of PICOT questions. The category of your question can at times dictate the types of evidence that you are searching for. Determine in which category your question would best fit. Use the template to help you word it succinctly and correctly.An example of a picot question comparing two groups of people is: Do- (P) Women-(I) Compared to-(C) Men-(O) Have a greater risk for-(T) picot question: Do women, compared to men, have a greater risk for developing Alzheimer’s disease? This picot question is asking about the risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease.A simple database search strategy should begin with the AND : cross infection AND (Handwashing OR Hand disinfection) Start with CINAHL or Medline/PubMed as initial article databases for a scoping search for most health sciences questions.Once you have the components of your PICOT formula, you can frame your question in 6 different ways depending on the goal/target, the nursing practice problem, or the healthcare issue you are addressing. You can use these PICO formats as a template for asking PICOT questions. 1. Examining a Diagnosis.Jul 27, 2023 · You need to assess what reasonable clinical study population your patient could be part of. For example, if your patient is a 73 year old woman, "73 year old women" or "women in their 70s" is too specific because it is highly unlikely that clinical researchers would design a study that would exclusively enroll women in their 70s. PICO(T): Definitions and Examples. PICO(T) Model & Question Types; Example 1 - Therapy; Example 2 - Diagnosis/Diagnostic Test; Example 3 - Etiology; Example 4 - Prognosis; Study Designs; Finding Evidence & Information; Critical Appraisal; EBP vs Research vs QI; Journal ClubJun 13, 2023 · Example 2. You are working with a recent stroke patient who is having balance issues and you are considering using virtual reality in their therapy. P = recent stroke, balance issues. I = virtual reality. C = no virtual reality. O = improved balance "In recent stroke patients, how does using virtual reality affect or improve balance?" Example 3 Diagnostic OR= (a/b)/ (c/d)=742.9. We would need to perform a test accuracy study to answer our question. The participants would get a mammography (index test) and a biopsy to determine the presence of breast cancer (reference test). Each test would yield a positive or negative test result. Preferably, all patients get both tests, without much ...PICOT QUESTION PAPER: INFERTILITY Significance to Nursing In nursing, fertility is a process that begins from the second a woman states she is attempting to become pregnant but is having difficulty. Nurses are also educators, so a main component to treating a woman who has fertility issues is to make them aware of their options and issues. of the PICO components The PICO question is a convenient and conventional format to use when composing good clinical questions to direct an evidence-based search of research literature. PICO stands for Patient, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome; thus, there are four components of a good clinical question based on the PICO format. Aug 29, 2023 · Concepts from the PICO(T) question are used to construct a comprehensive database search strategy with search terms describing each relevant component of the PICO(T). Relevant elements of your PICO(T) question can be used to develop an initial list of keywords (including synonyms) to use in a database search. The most important parts of a PICO ... I = Interventions. C = Comparisons. O = Outcomes. Using the earlier example question, we can break it down into a PICO question like this: P = Patient or Problem (young children) I = Interventions (distractions during immunization) C = Comparisons (no distractions/standard care) O = Outcomes (lower pain scores) You may also hear some people use ..."Among women in labor, does the use of labor support/doulas versus no labor support affect labor complications?" (PICOt Question example by M. Montgomery) (PICOt Question example by M. Montgomery) Types of Questions: Therapy, Diagnosis, Prognosis, Harm/Etiology, Prevention, Cost-Effectiveness, Quality of Life.Question: Should women give birth in the lithotomy position because its encourage from their doctors? Or is it more effective to deliver in other positions as their less likely to lead to delivers with forceps or a vacuum? Running head: NSG 410 PICOT RESEARCH QUESTION. References. DiFranco, J. T., & Curl, M. (2014). A PICO question, sometimes written as a PICOT question, comprises several elements: P – Population, patient, problem. I – Intervention. C – Comparison or control. O – Outcome or objective. T – Time frame (optional component). 📚 PICO Question Types. There are 5 key types of PICO questions. Look at the table below to learn more about ...If you are planning to create a systematic review, it is usually best to start with a PICO style question, it provides structure and boundaries to the task. Let’s try: To search for the core topics discussed in your review, you are probably going to want to use a combination of approaches. You are probably going to need to use the subject ...Jun 13, 2023 · Example 2. You are working with a recent stroke patient who is having balance issues and you are considering using virtual reality in their therapy. P = recent stroke, balance issues. I = virtual reality. C = no virtual reality. O = improved balance "In recent stroke patients, how does using virtual reality affect or improve balance?" Example 3 Level of Evidence What is a PICO Question? PICO is an acronym used for exploring clinical questions. It serves as a framework for evidence-based practice. P (Problem and Population) What health problem is your selected intervention intended to solve? Identify what population of people will benefit the most from your chosen intervention.Apr 5, 2023 · Level of Evidence What is a PICO Question? PICO is an acronym used for exploring clinical questions. It serves as a framework for evidence-based practice. P (Problem and Population) What health problem is your selected intervention intended to solve? Identify what population of people will benefit the most from your chosen intervention. Question: Should women give birth in the lithotomy position because its encourage from their doctors? Or is it more effective to deliver in other positions as their less likely to lead to delivers with forceps or a vacuum? Running head: NSG 410 PICOT RESEARCH QUESTION. References. DiFranco, J. T., & Curl, M. (2014). Introduction. Stroke is a medical condition that is caused by the interruption or reduction of blood supply to the brain. This deprives the affected part of brain nutrients and oxygen supply. The biochemical processes are hence stopped, interrupted, or impaired; the brain cells can even die. Further, the condition can also be caused by bursting ...Sep 24, 2022 · An example of a picot question comparing two groups of people is: Do- (P) Women-(I) Compared to-(C) Men-(O) Have a greater risk for-(T) picot question: Do women, compared to men, have a greater risk for developing Alzheimer’s disease? This picot question is asking about the risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease. Use the PICOT format to structure your literature search based on a clearly-stated, searchable clinical question. P = Patient Population. I = Intervention or area of Interest. C = Comparison or Control group. O = Outcome.The PICOT question format is a consistent “formula” for developing answerable, researchable questions. When you write a good one, it makes the rest of the process of finding and evaluating evidence much more straightforward. P: Population/patient – age, gender, ethnicity, individuals with a certain disorder. I: Intervention/indicator ...Aug 9, 2023 · Question Type & Study Design. Some study designs are better suited to answer certain types of questions. Identifying the clinical domain your question falls under can help determine what study designs to look for in order to find the best, most suitable evidence. Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses are always preferred. A strength of a qualitative PICO question is that it can investigate what patient satisfaction looks like, for example, instead of only reporting that 25% of patients who took a survey reported that they are satisfied. When working with qualitative questions, an alternative to using PICO in searching for sources is the SPIDER search tool.Clarifying the key elements of the question is a critical first step toward providing an answer to inform a decision, or for a researcher to frame the research to be done. The PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparator, and Outcomes) model captures the key elements and is a good strategy to provide answerable questions. [1] Jun 14, 2023 · A good PICO will be specific and define terms and outcomes if necessary. A good PICO will investigate something new in terms of diagnosis, etiology, therapy, harm, etc. A bad PICO is usually a background question disguised as a research question. For example, "what are the effects of Prilosec on patients taking immune suppressants" might seem ... Different types of clinical questions are suited to different syntaxes and phrasings, but all will clearly define the PICO elements. The definitions and frames below may be helpful for organizing your question: Intervention/Therapy. Questions addressing how a clinical issue, illness, or disability is treated.Aug 29, 2023 · Concepts from the PICO(T) question are used to construct a comprehensive database search strategy with search terms describing each relevant component of the PICO(T). Relevant elements of your PICO(T) question can be used to develop an initial list of keywords (including synonyms) to use in a database search. The most important parts of a PICO ... The word PICOT is a mnemonic derived from the elements of a clinical research question – patient, intervention, comparison, outcome and (sometimes) time. The PICOT process begins with a case scenario, and the question is phrased to elicit an answer. “The question needs to identify the patient or population we intend to study, the ...

The framework is actually divided into four major elements. A good clinical question will address most, if not all, aspects of the PICO nursing questions. The following are the parameters defined by PICO (T) when it comes to designing of clinical questions: P: Patient, Problem, Population. I: Intervention.. Haskell funeral and cremation services princeville

pico question examples women

Aug 9, 2023 · Question Type & Study Design. Some study designs are better suited to answer certain types of questions. Identifying the clinical domain your question falls under can help determine what study designs to look for in order to find the best, most suitable evidence. Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses are always preferred. PICO: P = population; I = intervention; C = comparator; O = outcome(s)[ref]For further information on the findings of the reviews based on the PICOs presented in this annex, refer to the EtD frameworks in Supplementary material 2.[/ref] Pre-abortion Rhisoimmunization PICO 1: No anti-D administration in unsensitized Rh-negative individuals seeking abortion (see Recommendation 8 [NEW]) Aug 16, 2023 · 2. Foreground questions are specific knowledge questions . that affect clinical decisions and ; include a broad range of biological, psychological, and sociological issues. Foreground questions are best suited to the PICO model as it captures the essential elements of your information need to help translate that question into a search query. To ... Aug 15, 2023 · Background questions ask for general knowledge about an illness, disease, condition, process or thing. These types of questions typically ask who, what, where, when, how & why about things like a disorder, test, or treatment, etc. For example. How overweight is a woman to be considered slightly obese? What are the clinical manifestations of ... PICOT is a mnemonic resulting from the elements of clinical research. The PICOT process starts with a particular case, and the question is couched to develop an answer. A PICOT question helps you get the answer to your clinical question. It serves as a framework, prompting you to consider various aspects of the topic under investigation.Develop and revise questions that focus your inquiry. Create a concept map that demonstrates the relationships between concepts. Once you have selected your topic area and reviewed literature related to it, you may need to narrow it down to something that can be realistically researched and answered. In the last section, we learned about asking ...25 Clinical Questions and PICO. The use of PICO is very relevant in the construction of your clinical questions. Evidence-based nursing assignments demand you to structure your research questions in accordance with the PICO framework. The PICO framework is divided into four major elements. These elements will help you frame the background ...These questions bring together multiple concepts related to a specific clinical situation or research topic. They are typically divided into two categories: Qualitative Questions aim to discover meaning or gain an understanding of a phenomena. They ask about an individual's or population's experience of certain situations or circumstances.[Examples modified and drawn from Glasper, A. and Rees, C. (2013) How to Write Your Nursing Dissertation] The following examples may help you put PICO into practice. Suggestions in the brackets are just extra ideas for what you might want to consider. 1) Isobel is a 45 year old woman who asks you for advice on natural ways of resolving her ...25 Clinical Questions and PICO. The use of PICO is very relevant in the construction of your clinical questions. Evidence-based nursing assignments demand you to structure your research questions in accordance with the PICO framework. The PICO framework is divided into four major elements. These elements will help you frame the background ...Running head: NSG 410 PICOT RESEARCH QUESTION. P Laboring women delivering in a hospital. Problem: Laboring women are constantly urged to use the lithotomy position, but this can sometimes lead to various labor complications..

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